The ever changing world of weight loss advancements drastically shifted with the FDA approval of GLP-1 medications for weight loss. Historically used to treat patients with type-2 diabetes, these drugs have changed the weight loss game. But, how do these drugs compare to tried and true bariatric and metabolic surgery? In this blog, we will discuss and review the types of weight loss drugs and the types of bariatric surgery while discussing the advantages and disadvantages of both options.
How do weight loss injections work?
Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro are injectable prescription medications classified as Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, typically administered once a week and vary in dosage.
Originally made and approved for managing type 2 diabetes, these GLP-1 antagonists also have a notable side effect of significant weight loss.
These drugs function by mimicking the action of the gut hormone GLP-1, which is released after eating. By slowing the movement of food through the digestive tract, they help you feel full longer and reduce appetite, leading to decreased food intake and weight loss.
How does bariatric surgery work?
Bariatric surgery is highly effective and highly studied for weight loss and has beneficial metabolic effects that can improve hunger, diabetes, and other obesity-related conditions.
There are 4 common types of surgery but, each surgery’s routine typically involves reducing the size of your stomach and, in some cases, modifying the digestive process. This helps limit the number of calories you can consume and absorb.
Additionally, bariatric surgery diminishes hunger signals sent from your digestive system to your brain and alters your metabolism.
Choosing between bariatric surgery and prescription medications for weight loss is a significant decision that can impact your long-term health and quality of life. Here are six key factors to consider when evaluating which option might be right for you:
- Effectiveness and Results:
• Bariatric Surgery: Typically results in significant and sustained weight loss. Procedures like gastric bypass, gastric sleeve and the duodenal switch can lead to a substantial reduction in body weight and improvement in obesity-related conditions. Long-term studies show high rates of weight loss maintenance and remission of diabetes and hypertension.
• Prescription Medications: Drugs like Ozempic (semaglutide), Mounjaro (tirzepatide), and Wegovy (another form of semaglutide) can also be effective, especially in helping patients achieve moderate weight loss. They can improve metabolic markers and support weight management, but results vary and may be less dramatic compared to surgery. There is also a higher risk of regaining the weight that was lost.
2. Health Risks and Side Effects:
- Bariatric Surgery: Involves surgical risks such as infection, bleeding, and complications related to anesthesia. Long-term, there may be risks like nutritional deficiencies and gastrointestinal issues. However, many patients experience a significant reduction in obesity-related diseases.
- Prescription Medications: May have side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and potential long-term impacts on metabolism or other health conditions. The safety profile can vary, and long-term effects are still being studied.
3. Long-Term Commitment and Lifestyle Changes:
- Bariatric Surgery: Requires a commitment to long-term lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise. Post-surgery, patients need to follow specific dietary guidelines and may need ongoing medical follow-ups.
- Prescription Medications: Often require continuous use and may need to be combined with lifestyle changes for optimal results. Adherence to medication is crucial, and discontinuing the medication might result in regaining weight.
4. Cost and Insurance Coverage:
- Bariatric Surgery: Can be expensive, but many insurance plans cover the procedure if specific criteria are met. Out-of-pocket costs can be high, but, Seger | MD patients can experience surgery options as low as $9,900.
- Prescription Medications: Can also be costly, particularly if insurance does not cover weight loss drugs. The cost of ongoing prescriptions may add up over time.
5. Personal Health Conditions:
- Bariatric Surgery: Might be more suitable for individuals with severe obesity or those who have not had success with other weight loss methods. It’s often recommended for patients with comorbid conditions like diabetes or severe sleep apnea.
- Prescription Medications: Can be appropriate for individuals with moderate obesity or those who may not be candidates for surgery due to health reasons or personal preference. Medications can also be used as a complementary tool for weight management.
6. Psychological and Emotional Factors:
- Bariatric Surgery: Involves a significant psychological adjustment and may require counseling or a strong support group to address body image and behavioral changes. The surgery can also be a substantial emotional and psychological adjustment.
- Prescription Medications: May be less intrusive and allow for a more gradual weight loss process. However, the psychological impact of long-term medication use and managing expectations around weight loss should be considered.
Ultimately, the choice between bariatric surgery and weight loss medications should be made in consultation with a doctor, who can help evaluate your specific health needs, goals, and preferences. At Seger | MD, we will guide you every step of the way and offer you the best solution for your weight loss goals.
